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    Financial Dictionary

    Dictionary Home The Language of Money - Edna Carew
    A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z



    R & D
     
    Abbrev. research and development.  
    Rae Committee
     
    A committee established in the early 1970s in Australia following the collapse of a boom in ...  
    Raid
     
    Rapid, active buying of a large quantity of shares in one company by another company, often ...  
    Raider (corporate)
     
    The stockmarket pirate. A corporate raider buys into a target company with the intention of ...  
    Rally
    top
    An upswing or brisk improvement in market activity and prices after a downturn.  
    Ramping
     
    Collusion by market participants to create, through artificial trades, an impression of activity ...  
    Random walk hypothesis
     
    A theory among market analysts that explains movements in share prices as being independent ...  
    Range floater
     
    A security which does not pay interest if interest rates move outside a specified range.

    ...

     
    Range forward contract
     
    A type of forward contract which combines the ability to take advantage of favourable movements ...  
    Rate differential swap
    top
    A swap where one of the payment streams is denominated in a currency other than that of the ...  
    Rate of return
     
    Profit earned in relation to capital invested; what you get back as a reward for risking your ...  
    Ratio analysis
     
    An examination of a company's ratios, such as gearing and liquidity, to determine its financial ...  
    Ratio option (spread)
     
    An option spread where the number of contracts bought and sold are not equal, eg, selling ...  
    Rational expectations
     
    An approach to modelling the way in which people predict future values for economic variables. ...  
    Rationalisation
    top
    Pruning, merging or reorganising a business or sector of the market to improve efficiency ...  
    RBA
     
    Abbrev. Reserve Bank of Australia.  
    Real estate
     
    Land, houses, buildings. The term generally refers to immovable property, which can be contrasted ...  
    Real income
     
    The true spending power of wages or salary after allowing for erosion by inflation.  
    Real interest rates
     
    Interest rates less the rate of inflation. If inflation is n per cent and the interest rate ...  
    Real unit labour costs
    top

    See also: unit labour costs.

     
    Real value
     
    The worth of an item when inflation is taken into account. It is relatively simple, by observing ...  
    Real wages
     
    What you earn, expressed in terms of how much you can buy with it. If prices are rising faster ...  
    Real-time gross settlement
     
    An internationally accepted system to minimise interbank settlement risk by requiring that ...  
    Realise
     
    To turn a change in value from potential to actual, usually by selling an asset. For instance, ...  
    Reasonable benefit limit
    top
    The maximum amount an individual can receive over his or her working life, at the concessional ...  
    Rebatable bonds
     
    A type of commonwealth bond still in existence but which has not been issued since May 1968. ...  
    Receivables
     
    Money that should be coming your way in payment for goods or services you have provided. You ...  
    Recession
     
    A drastic slowing of the economy. The Americans, who are good at making precise definitions, ...  
    Reciprocal rate
     
    The price of one currency in terms of another when the official quote gives the second currency ...  
    Reciprocity
    top
    Scratch my back and I'll scratch yours. The concept is well illustrated by the internationalising ...  
    Recourse
     
    The right to claim payment of a debt or obligation from a particular party, even though that ...  
    Recycling
     
    An environmental term adopted by economists during the oil price crisis of 1973 - 74 when ...  
    Red
     
    The debit side of finance. 'You're in the red' means you are in debt. Debits used to be entered ...  
    Redeemable preference shares
     
    Shares which, on a stated maturity date, the issuing company will buy back for face value ...  
    Redeemable warrant
    top
    A warrant offering cash redemption rather than a conventional exercise. Also puttable warrant.  
    Redemption
     
    Paying off or cancelling a debt. Commonwealth bonds are redeemable at face value on maturity; ...  
    Redemption yield
     

    See also: yield to redemption.

     
    Rediscount
     
    Resale or resell. The word is used in the context of selling a security such as a bill of ...  
    Reference rate
     
    A rate used as a yardstick or benchmark for setting other rates, eg, LIBOR, HIBOR and so on. ...  
    Refinancing
    top
    Extending existing loans or replacing existing funds with alternative borrowings, which may ...  
    Reflation
     
    Economists' jargon for measures which they hope will improve productivity and demand while ...  
    Regional headquarters
     
    The base chosen by a company operating in several countries, for example, a finance centre ...  
    Regression analysis
     
    A statistical technique used to measure the relationship between a dependent variable and ...  
    Regulation Q
     
    An authority given to the US Federal Reserve in the Great Depression of the 1930s, under which ...  
    Reinsurance
    top
    The insurance companies' insurance which enables them to spread their risk by paying premiums ...  
    Reintermediation
     
    A reversal of the process of disintermediation. It occurs when regulations which created disintermediation ...  
    Reinvestment rate
     
    The interest rate at which the cashflow from a coupon or principal payment can be reinvested.  
    Reneg
     

    See also: renegotiation.

     
    Renegotiation
     
    Revision of money-market interest rates either by 11am or 4pm, depending on whether the funds ...  
    Rent
    top
    Payment made to the owner of an asset for the use of that asset, as in paying a fee to occupy ...  
    Rentier
     
    Someone whose income comes from sources other than wages, who makes money from investments.  
    Reorganisation and divestment
     
    Getting rid of the dead wood; selling off the loss-maker; sacking the manager.  
    Repo
     

    See also: repurchase agreement.

     
    Reporting entity
     
    A company or other organisation which is obliged to prepare general-purpose financial reports ...  
    Repurchase agreement
    top
    A transaction between two parties in which securities are transferred in exchange for cash, ...  
    Resale price maintenance
     
    A practice in which a supplier or manufacturer influences or requests a wholesale or retail ...  
    Rescheduling
     
    A euphemism for postponing payment of money owed. The word became popular following controversy ...  
    Research and development
     
    A positive way to divert sums of money, which might otherwise go to the tax collector, into ...  
    Reserve Bank Information and Transfer System
     
    A simultaneous electronic transfer and settlement system for commonwealth government securities, ...  
    Reserve Bank of Australia
    top
    The country's central bank, combining the roles of financial system supervisor, banker and ...  
    Reserve currency
     
    A stable currency of a country featuring prominently in world trade. Central banks hold a ...  
    Reserves
     
    Funds set aside from company profits not distributed to shareholders in the form of dividends. ...  
    Reset swap
     

    See also: in-arrears swap.

     
    Residual value
     
    The notional value of a leased property such as a car or photocopier at the end of the lease ...  
    Resistance level
    top
    The price level at which buyers or sellers lose interest and at which the price should stabilise ...  
    Resources boom
     
    At the end of a yellow brick road, or at the end of a rainbow, there is Arcadia, or paradise ...  
    Resources rent tax
     
    The tax levied on profits over a (theoretic) level defined as an 'adequate' return from an ...  
    Restrictive trade practices
     
    Market activities which manipulate supply and/or demand to create an unfair collusive or monopoly-based ...  
    Retail banking
     
    Banking services catering for ordinary individuals and small businesses, as distinct from ...  
    Retail price index
    top
    The UK equivalent of what in Australia and the US is known as the consumer price index. It ...  
    Retained earnings
     
    The proportion of after-tax profit that is held in a business after dividends have been paid. ...  
    Retire a bill
     
    To pay a bill of exchange before it falls due. A company which has issued bills of exchange ...  
    Return
     
    The amount earned on an investment or made on a transaction.  
    Revaluation
     
    An increase in the worth of, say, a currency. The word has wandered from its literal meaning ...  
    Revenue
    top
    Earnings; what a company makes in monetary terms from its activities. Not to be confused with ...  
    Reverse dual-currency bond
     
    A bond whose coupon is in a non-base currency and pays principal in the base currency.

    ...

     
    Reverse floater
     
    A type of structured security where the rate paid to the holder increases as floating rates ...  
    Reverse repos
     

    See also: reverse repurchase agreements.

     
    Reverse repurchase agreement
     
    The opposite of repos; the Reserve Bank (central bank) sells securities to the market to drain ...  
    Reverse takeover
    top
    Purchase of a controlling interest in a company by one of its subsidiaries.  
    Revolving credit
     
    Arrangements enabling a borrower to have access to a credit line, often with the ability to ...  
    Revolving underwriting facility
     
    A type of note issuance facility involving a medium-term commitment by a group of underwriters ...  
    Rho
     
    The sensitivity of an option's theoretical value to a change in interest rates. Represented ...  
    RHQ
     
    Abbrev. regional headquarters.  
    Ricardo, David
    top
    (1772 - 1823)an economist whose record in finance reads like every money-market trader and ...  
    Rigged market
     
    A market in which prices have been manipulated so that buyers or sellers have been attracted ...  
    Right-hand side
     

    See also: trading on the right-hand side.

     
    Rights issue
     
    An offer of additional shares to existing shareholders, in proportion to their holdings, to ...  
    Risk arbitrage
     
    Spread/yield curve plays which are closer to low-level speculation than arbitrage.  
    Risk capital
    top
    In Australia, similar to venture capital but without the connotation of involving new technology. ...  
    Risk management
     
    Trying to control outcomes to a known or predictable range of gains or losses. Risk management ...  
    Risk-averse
     
    Most people try to avoid high risks when investing or, if they knowingly incur a higher-than-average ...  
    Risk-weighted assets
     
    Assets which are weighted for credit risk according to a formula used by the Reserve Bank ...  
    RITS
     
    Abbrev. Reserve Bank Information and Transfer System.  
    Robinson, Joan
    top
    (1903 - 83)British economist, one of the most influential of the post-Keynesian economic theorists. ...  
    Rocket scientist
     
    A Wall Street wunderkind. Rocket scientists are the geniuses of investment banking who had ...  
    Rollercoaster swap
     
    An interest-rate swap whose notional principal fluctuates, generally to suit the financing ...  
    Rolling hedge
     
    A continuous position in exchange-traded futures and options contracts, maintained by closing ...  
    Rollover
     
    The renewal of a loan facility or continuance of a deposit at each maturity date, usually ...  
    Rollover fund
    top
    A feature of the superannuation system in Australia since 1983, when the federal government ...  
    Round robin
     
    A circular transaction that shifts funds from one account to another but has no effect on ...  
    Royal Australian Mint
     

    See also: mint.

     
    Royal Commission into Money and Banking
     
    An inquiry in 1935 - 37 which resulted in the defining of the role and responsibilities of ...  
    Royalties
     
    What authors hope to earn when they write, inventors when they invent, governments and landowners ...  
    RRT
    top
    Abbrev. resources rent tax.  
    RTGS
     
    Abbrev. real-time gross settlement.  
    RUF
     
    Abbrev. revolving underwriting facility.  
    Rule of 78
     
    A method of calculating how much interest has been earned by a lender at any stage during ...  
    Run
     
    A rapid rise in a share price or, in a different context, a rush to withdraw funds from an ...  
    Runner
    top
    In futures trading, the person who connects between the booth moll and the floor trader, passing ...  
    Running yield
     
    The interest rate on an investment expressed as a percentage of the capital invested. It takes ...