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    Financial Dictionary

    Dictionary Home The Language of Money - Edna Carew
    A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z



    Face value
     
    The full amount of a security, loan or investment before interest is added or deducted. Coupon ...  
    Factor
     
    Originally a steward or bailiff overseeing an estate. Factor now has two meanings: the agent ...  
    Factor cost
     
    The cost of producing one item - including labour and capital - as distinct from its market ...  
    Factoring
     
    Taking over the collection and supervision of a company's debts or receivables (what is owed ...  
    Fairway option
    top
    Devised by Citibank Ltd, a fairway option is similar to a collar but links two different variables, ...  
    Fall out of bed
     
    As in 'the $A fell out of bed', meaning the currency declined suddenly and substantially.  
    FANMAC
     

    See also: mortgage-backed security.

     
    Fannie Mae
     
    A security issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association of the US (FNMA). An independent ...  
    FAST
     
    Abbrev. Flexible Accelerated Securities Transfer system.  
    Fat-tailed curve
    top
    Relevant to statistical tests in econometrics, a fat-tailed curve is a frequency distribution ...  
    FBT
     
    Abbrev. fringe benefits tax.  
    Featherbedding
     
    Making conditions softer and more comfortable, implying a comfort that is not wholly deserved. ...  
    Fed
     
    Abbrev. Federal Reserve System.  
    Fed wire
     
    The communications system linking all twelve Federal Reserve Banks in the US, their 24 branches, ...  
    Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
    top
    A public corporation in the US created by the Glass Steagall Act to insure the deposits of ...  
    Federal funds market
     
    Short-term interbank lending in the US. Federal funds are the reserve assets of the US commercial ...  
    Federal funds rate
     
    The interest rate prevailing in the US federal funds market, ie, the rates paid and charged ...  
    Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
     
    Born in 1970 in the US, owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks, this organisation buys ...  
    Federal National Mortgage Association of the US
     

    See also: Fannie Mae. Abbrev. FNMA.

     
    Federal Open Market Committee
    top
    A committee of the United States Federal Reserve System which controls the purchases and sales ...  
    Federal Reserve System
     
    The US central bank, established in 1913 by an Act of Congress, comprising the Federal Reserve ...  
    Fibonacci numbers
     
    A number sequence discovered by the thirteenth-century Italian mathematician, Leonardo Fibonacci ...  
    FID
     
    Abbrev. financial institutions duty.  
    Fidelity fund
     
    A form of insurance against the loss of money held in trust or on behalf of investors. Professional ...  
    Fiduciary duties
    top
    The responsibilities of those in positions of trust, often applied to the obligation of company ...  
    FIFO
     
    Abbrev. first in, first out.  
    Fifty Leaders index
     
    A share-price index measuring changes in the prices of 50 leading companies on the Australian ...  
    Figure, the
     
    Foreign-exchange dealers' shorthand meaning jumping to the '00' at the end of a quote. For ...  
    Fill or kill order
     
    A futures market order, to be carried out immediately or, if not, to be cancelled.  
    Final average salary
    top
    The level of salaries earned in the final years before retiring or leaving work, often used ...  
    Final dividend
     

    See also: dividend.

     
    Finance company
     
    A non-bank financial institution. Finance companies in Australia date from 1925. Their numbers ...  
    Finance lease
     
    A lease which effectively transfers from the lessor (owner) to the lessee the bulk of the ...  
    Financial Corporations Act 1974
     
    Legislation providing for the registration and direct regulation in Australia of a wide range ...  
    Financial engineering
    top
    The development of innovative market instruments or linked transactions to exploit specific ...  
    Financial futures
     
    Instruments with which to hedge or protect against movements in interest rates, share prices ...  
    Financial futures options
     

    See also: options.

     
    Financial incentive
     
    An offer of money, to induce an improvement in performance.  
    Financial institutions duty
     
    A state tax introduced in January 1983 in New South Wales and Victoria and was subsequently ...  
    Financial instrument
    top
    A bill of exchange, bond, treasury note or promissory note.

    See also: instrument.

     
    Financial jargon
     
    What this book is all about.  
    Financial supermarket
     
    One-stop money shop, offering the full range of financial services, from deposits and loans ...  
    Financial Times Stock Exchange index
     
    Abbrev. FTSE.

    See also: Footsie.

     
    Financial year
     
    An accounting period for government budgeting and taxation purposes. In Australia the financial ...  
    Fine rate
    top
    Traders in the money market talk of 'fine rates' when they mean low, or the most favourable ...  
    Fine-tuning
     
    In managing the economy, small adjustments made by the government in response to economic ...  
    Finsia - Financial Services Institute
     
    A professional association established in 1966 to improve education in the securities industries ...  
    FIRB
     
    Abbrev. Foreign Investment Review Board.  
    Fire-sale value
     
    The price assets might fetch if sold quickly or in a distressed situation - a price usually ...  
    Firm
     
    A business, partnership, company or proprietary company. In share trading, saying that prices ...  
    Firm price (quote)
    top
    A price (quote) at which a trader is prepared to trade at a given time. A trader might qualify ...  
    First in, first out
     
    An accounting technique for valuing a company's stock in which it is assumed that goods are ...  
    Fiscal drag
     
    The reason you do not seem to have more money to spend, even though your salary has been increased. ...  
    Fiscal policy
     
    The arm of government policy which influences the economy through the budget by changes in ...  
    Fiscal year
     

    See also: financial year.

     
    Fixed charge
    top

    See also: charge.

     
    Fixed deposit
     
    The same as a term or time deposit. Money may be placed with a bank, merchant bank, building ...  
    Fixed interest
     
    Interest paid on investments such as bonds and debentures, paid at a predetermined and unchanging ...  
    Fixed parity
     
    The system in foreign exchange under which all exchange rates were set officially - by governments ...  
    Fixed-fixed currency swap
     
    A currency swap where each side is a fixed-rate payer in its currency, and fixed-interest ...  
    Fixed-floating rate swap
    top
    The basic 'vanilla' interest-rate swap involving an exchange of fixed-rate payments for floating-rate ...  
    Fixed-rate loan
     
    A loan that has been made at a specific rate which will prevail for the term of the financing.  
    Fixed-rate payer
     
    A party in an interest-rate swap making a series of identical payments, eg, on the coupon ...  
    Fixed-rate receiver
     
    The party receiving a fixed rate and paying floating under a swap.

    See also: fixed-rate ...

     
    Fixed-term annuity
     
    In contrast to a lifetime annuity, which provides income for life, this provides a regular ...  
    Fixed-term repo
    top
    A repo with a fixed maturity period, usually between one day and three months.

    See also: ...

     
    Flat forward
     

    See also: par forward.

     
    Flat rate of interest
     
    Interest charged on the full amount of a loan throughout its entire term and commonly known ...  
    Flat tax
     
    A single-rate tax on personal income which applies at the same rate irrespective of the level ...  
    Flesh pedlar
     

    See also: headhunter.

     
    Flexible Accelerated Securities Transfer
    top
    The first stage of the Australian Stock Exchange's computerised settlement system. The system ...  
    Flexible annuity
     
    A term-certain annuity which provides regular income and flexibility in income payments so ...  
    Flexible peg
     

    See also: exchange rate.

     
    Flight to quality
     
    What happens when investors become nervous of private sector creditworthiness and decide to ...  
    Float
     
    A term applicable in different contexts. For example, currencies can float, which means their ...  
    Float-off
    top

    See also: demerger.

     
    Floating charge
     

    See also: charge.

     
    Floating currency
     

    See also: float.

     
    Floating-floating swap
     

    See also: basis swap.

     
    Floating-rate finance
     
    Money provided at a rate set at a margin above (rarely below) a benchmark rate so that the ...  
    Floating-rate note
    top
    A form of security, popular in the euromarkets and adopted elsewhere, issued for three years ...  
    Floating-rate payer
     
    A party in an interest-rate swap making a series of variable interest-rate payments. These ...  
    Floating-rate receiver
     
    The party receiving a floating-rate and paying fixed under a swap agreement.

    See also: ...

     
    Floor
     
    1. A floor in the context of interest rates guarantees a minimum rate of return but leaves ...  
    Floor price
     
    The level below which the price of a commodity or security will not fall because no seller ...  
    Floor trader
    top
    The person on the floor of an exchange executing orders as the representative of a member ...  
    Floortion
     
    An option on a floor, giving the holder the right to buy a floor at a certain strike price ...  
    Flotation (of shares)
     
    When a company floats its shares it is offering shares to the public to raise cash.

    See ...

     
    Flow of funds
     
    The movement of money; who is borrowing or lending, from or to whom, how much and how often. ...  
    FNMA
     
    Abbrev. Federal National Mortgage Association of the US.

    See also: Fannie Mae.

     
    FOB/fob
    top
    Abbrev. free on board.  
    FOMC
     
    Abbrev. Federal Open Market Committee (US).  
    Footsie
     
    Colloquial pronunciation of FTSE, the London Financial Times Stock Exchange Index which lists ...  
    For indication/information only
     
    Quotes which are not firm and intended to signify unwillingness or inability to deal.  
    Force majeure clause
     
    A provision in a contract that releases the parties from their obligations in the event of ...  
    Forced savings
    top
    Technically, saving that takes place because of a shortage of goods on which to spend, rather ...  
    Foreign exchange
     
    Cash or other claims (such as bank deposits and bonds) on another country, held in the currency ...  
    Foreign Investment Review Board
     
    A body responsible for advising the Australian federal government (particularly the treasurer) ...  
    Foreign tax credit system
     
    A change, first applicable in the 1987/88 financial year, to the tax treatment of foreign ...  
    Forex
     
    Market shorthand for foreign exchange. Also FX.  
    Forfaiting
    top
    A form of fixed-rate trade finance. Forfaiting involves the purchase by a financial institution ...  
    Forfeited shares
     
    Shares in a no-liability company which are forfeited (lost) to the previous owner because ...  
    Forward
     
    A future commitment whose terms are established now; a contract under which one side will ...  
    Forward break
     

    See also: break forward.

     
    Forward currency swap
     
    A currency swap starting on a forward (future) date. Terms are agreed in advance. Such a swap ...  
    Forward exchange
    top
    The purchase or sale of foreign exchange for delivery at a future date at a predetermined ...  
    Forward margin
     
    The difference between today's rate or price for a commodity, such as a foreign currency, ...  
    Forward market
     
    A market where traders and speculators can take out contracts for purchases or sales of commodities ...  
    Forward rate
     
    The price for a commodity, such as a foreign currency, for delivery some time more than two ...  
    Forward swap
     
    A swap agreement arranged to start from a future date.  
    Forward with optional exit
    top
    A form of break-forward. Abbrev. FOX.

    See also: break-forward.

     
    Forward-rate agreement
     
    An agreement between two parties seeking to protect themselves against a future interest-rate ...  
    FOX
     
    Abbrev. forward with optional exit.  
    FRA
     
    Abbrev. forward-rate agreement.  
    Franchise
     
    A system of distributing goods and services in which one organisation (the franchisor) grants ...  
    Franked dividends
    top
    Dividends paid out of company profits on which the full corporate tax has been paid. Shareholders ...  
    Franking account
     
    A record-keeping account required purely for tax purposes. The balance in the account represents ...  
    Fraption
     
    An option on a forward-rate agreement.  
    Freddie Mac
     
    Abbrev. Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.  
    Free enterprise
     
    Doing your own thing, and being allowed to do so; an entrepreneurial economic environment. ...  
    Free lunch
    top
    Something, theoretically, that you don't have to pay for. 'There is no such thing as a free ...  
    Free market
     
    A market left alone to set its own prices, unhindered by government or central bank interference.  
    Free on board
     
    This applies to the valuation of goods as they are exported and represents what the exporter ...  
    Free port
     
    A port where no duty or taxes are paid on imports or exports.  
    Free trade
     
    A doctrine popularised by the Manchester School in the UK (1820 - 50). The school believed ...  
    Freeze
    top
    To fix wages and prices by legislation or agreement, so that they do not move from the levels ...  
    Friedman, Milton
     
    (1912 - )a US economist, born in Brooklyn, New York, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Economics ...  
    Friendly society
     
    Originally a group of workers who made small periodic contributions to a common fund which ...  
    Friendly society bonds
     
    Similar to insurance bonds, these are issued by friendly societies, usually with a ceiling ...  
    Fringe benefits tax
     
    Taxes paid by employers on the value of fringe benefits provided to employees. The taxable ...  
    FRNs
    top
    Abbrev. floating-rate notes.  
    Front end
     
    The beginning of a transaction or process. For example, front-end development of a mining ...  
    Front-end fee
     
    The fee paid by a borrower to a lender at the beginning of a loan facility, or the cost to ...  
    Front-running
     
    In futures and options trading, taking a position based on information not publicly available ...  
    Frozen account
     
    An account which cannot be operated pending legal examination or action. A deceased person's ...  
    Frozen assets
    top
    Assets that cannot be used until legal action is out of the way. A company in receivership ...  
    FT index
     

    See also: Footsie.

     
    Full
     
    A trader is described as 'full with a client' when the maximum amount of credit exposure, ...  
    Full repo price
     
    Gross price, ie, the total of the capital price of a repo plus accrued interest.

    See also: ...

     
    Fully funded
     
    This describes a superannuation fund whose assets are sufficient to meet all the fund's liabilities, ...  
    Fully paid shares
    top
    Shares on which no uncalled capital is due.  
    Fundamental analysis
     

    See also: fundamentalism.

     
    Fundamentalism
     
    A creed which places faith in economic theory when analysing, say, the position of a company ...  
    Funds
     
    1. Cash.

    2. Pools of money contributed by individuals to make investments with the benefit ...

     
    Fungible
     
    When one unit of a commodity is equal to any other like unit (such as grains of wheat or corn), ...  
    Funny money
    top
    Money won from dubious sources, 'laundered' funds or the cash economy. It can also refer to ...  
    Futures contract
     
    An agreement to buy or sell a standard quantity of a commodity - such as gold, $US or bank ...  
    Futures markets
     
    Futures markets have existed for centuries but evolved in their present form in the US in ...  
    FX option
     

    See also: currency option.

     
    FX swap
     
    A purchase of one currency against another at an initial date and an agreement to reverse ...